1. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs204/en/ (last acces: 10.09.2016)
2. Otlu B. Hepatit B Virüsünde Moleküler Testler. İçinde: Altındiş M, Tabak F. Hepatit Mikrobiyolojisi. 1. Baskı, İstanbul: İstanbul Medikal Sağlık ve Yayıncılık; 2015; p. 101-114.
3. Çetinkol Y, Yıldırım AA, Çalgın MK, Altındiş M. Atipik hepatit B serolojileri; retrospektif bir değerlendirme. Turk J Clin Lab. 2015;6:112-115.
4. Kalaycı R, Altındiş M, Gülamber C, Demirtürk N, Akcan Y, Demirdal T. Kronik hepatit B ve hepatit C’li hastalarda genotip dağılımı ve hepatit B olgularında direnç paterninin araştırılması. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2010;44:237-243.
5. İnan N. Hepatit B Virus Biyolojisi. Ed: Altındiş M, Tabak F. Hepatit Mikrobiyolojisi. 1. Baskı, İstanbul: İstanbul Medikal Sağlık ve Yayıncılık; 2015; p. 52-66.
6. Zhang Q, Liao Y, Chen J, Cai B, Su Z, Ying B, Lu X, Tao C, Wang L. Epidemiology study of HBV genotypes and antiviral drug resistance in multi-ethnic regions from Western China. Sci Rep. 2015;5:17413.
7. Kaklikkaya N, Sancaktar M, Guner R, Buruk CK, Koksal I, Tosun I, Aydin F. Hepatitis B virus genotypes and subgenotypes in the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. Saudi Med J. 2012;33:622-626.
8. Cox LE, Arslan O, Allain JP. Characterization of hepatitis B virus in Turkish blood donors, and the prevalence of the SP1 splice variant. J Med Virol. 2011;83:1321-1325.
9. Amini-Bavil-Olyaee S, Tacke F, Alavian SM. HBV subgenotypes D1, D2, D-del! Are “old”genotyping methods interpreted correctly? Hepat Mon. 2013;13:13048.
10. Kim JH, Park YK, Park ES, Kim KH. Molecular diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant hepatitis B virus. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20:5708-5720.
11. Akhan S, Aynıoglu A, Cağatay A, Gönen İ, Günal Ö, Kaynar T, Kuruüzüm Z, Sayan M, Tunca B, Tülek N, Üçkardes H, Yavuz A, Yıldız O, Yılmaz N, Yüksel E. Kronik hepatit B virusu infeksiyonunun yönetimi: Türk Klinik Mikrobiyoloji ve İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları Derneği Viral Hepatit Çalışma Grubu Uzlaşı Raporu. Klimik Dergisi. 2014;27:2-18.
12. Gomes-Gouvêa MS, Ferreira AC, Teixeira R, Andrade JR, Ferreira AS, Barros LM, Rezende RE, Nastri AC, Leite AG, Piccoli LZ, Galvan J, Conde SR, Soares MC, Kliemann DA, Bertolini DA, Kunyoshi AS, Lyra AC, Oikawa MK, de Araújo LV, Carrilho FJ, Mendes-Corrêa MC, Pinho JR. HBV carrying drug-resistance mutations in chronically infected treatment-naive patients. Antivir Ther. 2015;20:387-395.
13. Panigrahi R, Biswas A, De BK, Chakrabarti S, Chakravarty R. Characterization of antiviral resistance mutations among the Eastern Indian Hepatitis B virus infected population. Virol J. 2013;10:56.
14. Zoulim F. Hepatitis B virus resistance to antiviral drugs: where are we going? Liver Int. 2011;31:111-116.
15. Li X, Liu Y, Zhao P, Wang Y, Chen L, Xin S, Zhang XX, Xu D. Investigation into drug-resistant mutations of HBV from 845 nucloside/nucleotide analogue-naive Chinese patients with chronic HBV infection. Antiviral Therapy. 2015;20:141-147.
16. Mirandola S, Campagnolo D, Bortoletto G, Franceschini L, Marcolongo M, Alberti A. Large-scale survey of naturally occurring HBV polymerase mutations associated with anti-HBV drug resistance in untreated patients with chronic hepatitis B. J Viral Hepat. 2011;18:212-216.
17. Alvarez Estevez M, Chueca-Porcuna N, Guillot-Suay V, Pena-Monje A, Garcia- Garcia F, Garcia-Garcia F. Low prevalence of hepatitis B virus primary drug resistance in Southern Spain. Enferm Infec Microbiol Clin. 2013;31:520-522.
18. Ismail AM, Samuel P, Eapen CE, Kannangai R, Abraham P. Antiviral resistance mutations and genotype-associated amino acid substitutions in treatment-naive hepatitis B virus-infected individuals from the Indian subcontinent. Intervirology. 2012;55:36-44.
19. Jardi R, Rodriguez-Frias F, Schaper M, Ruiz G, Elefsiniotis I, Esteban R, Buti M. Hepatitis B virus polymerase variants associated with entecavir drug resistance in treatment-naive patients. J Viral Hepat. 2007;14:835-840.
20. Li XG, Liu BM, Xu J, Liu XE, Ding H, Li T. Discrepancy of potential antiviral resistance mutation profiles within the HBV reverse transcriptase between nucleos(t)ide analogue- untreated and -treated patients with chronic hepatitis B in a hospital in China. J Med Virol. 2012;84:207-216.
21. Mohebbi SR, Amini-Bavil-Olyaee S, Zali N, Damavand B, Azimzadeh P, Derakhshan F, Sabahi F, Zali MR. Characterization of hepatitis B virus genome variability in Iranian patients with chronic infection, a nationwide study. J Med Virol. 2012;84:414-423.
22. Nguyen MH, Garcia RT, Trinh HN, Nguyen HA, Nguyen KK, Nguyen LH, Levitt B. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase mutations in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis B. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2009;30:1150-1158.
23. Pollicino T, Isgrò G, Di Stefano R, Ferraro D, Maimone S, Brancatelli S, Squadrito G, Di Marco V, Craxì A, Raimondo G. Variability of reverse transcriptase and overlapping S gene in hepatitis B virus isolates from untreated and lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients. Antivir Ther. 2009;14:649-654.
24. Salpini R, Svicher V, Cento V, Gori C, Bertoli A, Scopelliti F, Micheli V, Cappiello T, Spanò A, Rizzardini G, De Sanctis GM, Sarrecchia C, Angelico M, Perno CF. Characterization of drug-resistance mutations in HBV D-genotype chronically infected patients, naive to antiviral drugs. Antiviral Res. 2011;92:382-385.
25. Zheng J, Zeng Z, Zhang D, Yu Y, Wang F, Pan CQ. Prevalence and significance of Hepatitis B reverse transcriptase mutants in different disease stages of untreated patients. Liver Int. 2012;32:1535-1542.
26. Akarsu M, Sengonul A, Tankurt E, Sayiner AA, Topalak O, Akpinar H, Abacioglu YH. YMDD motif variants in inactive hepatitis B carriers detected by In- no-Lipa HBV DR assay. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;21:1783-1788.
27. Yıldız O, Aygen B, Demirtürk N, Demirdal T, Inan D, Yıldırmak T, Kantürk A, Tütüncü E; Hepatitis B Study Group. Lamivudine resistance mutations in patients infected with hepatitis B virus genotype D. World J Gastroenterol. 2011;17:4987-4992.
28. Sayan M, Akhan SC, Meric M. Naturally occurring amino-acid substitutions to nucleos(t)ide analogues in treatment naive Turkish patients with chronic hepatitis B. J Viral Hepat. 2010;17:23-27.
29. Ergünay K, Kahramanoğlu Aksoy E, Simsek H, Alp A, Sener B, Tatar G, Us D, Hasçelik G. Investigation of baseline antiviral resistance in treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B cases. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2013;47:628-635.
30. Wasityastuti W, Yano Y, Widasari DI, Yamani LN, Ratnasari N, Heriyanto DS, Okada R, Tanahashi T, Murakami Y, Azuma T, Hayashi Y. Different Variants in Reverse Transcriptase Domain Determined by Ultra-deep Sequencing in Treatment-naive and Treated Indonesian Patients Infected with Hepatitis B Virus. Kobe J Med Sci. 2016;62:1-8.
31. Ahn SH, Kim DH, Lee AR, Kim BK, Park YK, Park ES, Ahn SH, Shin GC, Park S, Kang HS, Rhee JK, Yang SI, Chong Y, Kim KH. Substitution at rt269 in Hepatitis B Virus Polymerase Is a Compensatory Mutation Associated with Multi-Drug Resistance. PLoS One. 2015;10:0136728.
32. Aydoğan S, Ergünay K, Balaban Y, Alp A, Simşek H, Tatar G, Hasçelik G, Us D. Detection of resistance mutations in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving antiviral therapy for over one year. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2013;47:472-481.
33. Shaw T, Bortholomeusz A, Locarnini S. HBV drug resistance: mechanism, detection, and interpretation. J Hepatol. 2006:44:593-606.